SUBMISSION OF MANUSCRIPTS
Manuscripts, to be submitted at www.clays.org/journal/journal.html, should generally be no more than 10,000 words in length (plus figures and tables). Authors of longer manuscripts should contact the editor for advice. In the submittal letter, authors must state that the manuscript has not been published, is not currently submitted for publication elsewhere, wholly or in part, nor will be submitted elsewhere while in the review process for CLAYS AND CLAY MINERALS. The letter must also state that all authors have seen and approved the final version of the manuscript. Contributions may be (1) papers on original research or reviews on subjects of interest to the international community of clay scientists, (2) letters to the editor commenting on papers published, (3) editorial comment or comments by other Society officers, or (4) comments on matters having to do with clays or other fine-grained minerals. Letters to the editors and other comments should occupy no more than one printed page. Unsolicited book reviews are not to be submitted. Authors are encouraged to suggest potential reviewers (include addresses).

FORM OF MANUSCRIPT
Manuscripts must be double-spaced on standard 8.5 x 11 inch pages. Use wide margins of at least 1 inch and a font size of 12 points. Do not right-justify type. CLAYS AND CLAY MINERALS welcomes manuscripts from all countries, but the texts must be in English. All submitted manuscripts should have been reviewed by a colleague for whom English is a first language. Pages are to be numbered. End-of-line hyphens should be avoided.

TITLE PAGE
The title page should include in the following order: manuscript title, full names of authors, addresses of institutions of authors, a shorter running title not exceeding 72 characters including spaces, any footnotes to the title or author data, the name and complete mailing address of the person to whom correspondence and page proofs should be sent, and the e-mail address of the corresponding author.

ABSTRACT
All manuscripts (except letters and comments) must contain an informative abstract that is a condensation of the essential ideas and results of the paper, and not a list of the subjects covered in the text. Abstracts must clearly relate the problem, methods, results and conclusions in such a manner that they can be used by current-awareness publications and other information-retrieval systems. Do not repeat information given in the title or reference the literature in the abstract. Abstracts should not exceed 300 words.

KEY WORDS
List up to ten Key Words in alphabetical order for subject indexing.

TEXT, TABLES AND ILLUSTRATIONS
Text must be in a concise and readily understandable style. Sufficient detail must be included to enable other investigators to repeat the work. However, extremely detailed technical descriptions of the methods used should only be given when such methods represent a new approach. Contributors may indicate the approximate position desired within the text for each figure and table, but please provide the figures and tables separately.
Figures and tables should be kept to a minimum and will only be published if essential. Authors should use footnotes to the tables to provide ancillary information rather than add such text to the title. Figures: (i) line art should be black on a white background. Authors should give some consideration to the size of the lettering used because most figures are reduced for publication. Times New Roman and Helvetica, or equivalent typefaces, must be used for the lettering on the figures. Unless absolutely necessary, italic or bold characters should be avoided. Adjacent gray scales should differ by at least 20% to ensure sufficient contrast; (ii) half-tone plates (photographs) should be submitted as greyscale tiff images. The standard of all the figures must be equivalent to that of a professional draftsman or photographer. Unsatisfactory diagrams will be returned to authors for redrawing. Authors must submit electronic versions of figures.

Specific instructions for electronic forms of artwork
1. The following formats are acceptable: .tif, .bmp, .eps, .ai (Adobe Illustrator) and .cdr (Corel Draw). Do not send figures which are embedded in MS-Word or other Microsoft files.

2. Line diagrams must be saved as 1-bit, i.e. bitmapped, or as vector images. Drawings which include grey shading must be saved as greyscale images. Photographs (otherwise known as halftones) must be saved as greyscale images. Unless the editor has agreed with the author that colour publication is essential, and a means of paying for reproduction of the image in color has been confirmed, do not save your files as color images. This makes the files unnecessarily large. If we are to print a figure in color, use CYMK as the colour type rather than RGB.

3. Line diagrams and greyscale drawings must have a resolution of at least 600 dpi. Photographs (halftones) must have a resolution of at least 300 dpi. (This applies whether color is involved or not.)

Bear in mind that the physical size of reproduction of an image and its resolution work hand in hand. An image which has a resolution of 600 dpi, but which is saved at 2 cm wide, will only have a resolution of 120 dpi if it is to be published at 10 cm width.

4. For legends and other labeling on figures, use Arial or similar sans-serif font. Keep in mind the final size of reproduction of the figure when choosing the font size, i.e. make sure that the final size will be neither too big nor too small, and try to achieve some consistency between each of your figures. Do not use italic for anything other than variables. Do not italicize Greek letters.

5. When creating your e-files remember to embed all fonts in all figures (e.g. in Corel Draw and Adobe Illustrator). If you don’t, we won’t be able to read any text you add to the figures unless your fonts match exactly those we have on our computers.

Remember, if the images you send do not look clear and sharp to you, they won’t be usable for publication. If you are unable to match these instructions exactly and produce clear sharp images at the appropriate resolution etc., then please arrange, at an early stage, to create high-quality printed versions of your figures (print them from the original software in which they were created on high-quality glossy paper) and send separately, to the editor.

Style
Our style guide is The Chicago Manual of Style. Contributors should consult previous issues of CLAYS AND CLAY MINERALS from v. 34-36 or after v. 47, issue 2 for the general style. New mineral names require the approval of the IMA Commission on New Mineral Names. Mineral nomenclature must conform to IMA, CMS Nomenclature Committee, and AIPEA Nomenclature Committee guidelines. SI units are mandatory, but angstrom (A˚) and bar (b) may be used also if usage is consistent within the manuscript. Footnotes should be used sparingly. For the first time an acronym (e.g. TEM) is used, spell in full and place the acronym in parentheses. Thereafter, use the acronym only. Polytype symbols (e.g. muscovite--2M1) should have the letter only in italics. Latin terms (e.g., etc., et al., i.e.) are in italics. The symbols ‘‘M’’ for ‘‘molar’’ and ‘‘N’’ for ‘‘normal’’ are not italic. Use I-S and not I/S illite-smectite interstratification. Use d₀₀₁ where 1 is a number, but d_00l where l  is a letter, in this case "el".

Titles
First-order headings (INTRODUCTION, DISCUSSION, etc.) are in all capital lettering and centered on the page. Second-order headings should be in lower case, italicized, and placed at the left-hand margin of the page. Third-order headings are italicized, placed at the beginning of the paragraph.

Equations
Chemical and mathematical equations are to be set from the text above and below by centering on the line, provided with a sequence number in parentheses, such as (1), and with each new symbol defined immediately below in the text.

References
References are cited in the text by the name of the author and the year of publication, e.g. Noh (1998) or Brandt and Kydd (1998). For references with more than two authors, use ‘‘et al." as in White et al. (1992). Citations in parentheses must include a comma, e.g. (White et al., 1992).
Full references are listed alphabetically by author at the end of the paper and with the year in parentheses. For several publications of an author with different co-authors the following order must be followed: (a) publications of the author alone, in chronological order; (b) publications of the author with a single co-author, in alphabetical order of co-authors; (c) publications of the author with more than one co-author, in chronological order (as they are cited in the form ‘Jones et al.‘ in the text). The name of the author is given surname first, followed by a comma and the initials, with each initial followed by a period and without a space between initials. Do not abbreviate journal names. Volume numbers are in bold. For example:

    Jahren, J.S. (1991) Evidence of Ostwald ripening related recrystallizations of chlorites from reservoir rocks offshore Norway. Clay Minerals, 26, 169–178.
     Koizumi, M. and Roy, R. (1959) Synthetic montmorillonoids with variable exchange capacity. American Mineralogist, 44, 788–805.
     Reynolds, R.C. (1980) Interstratified clay minerals. Pp. 249–303 in: Crystal Structures of Clay Minerals and Their X-ray Identification (G.W. Brindley and G. Brown, editors). Monograph 5, Mineralogical Society, London.
     Weaver, C.E. and Pollard, L.D. (1973) The Chemistry of Clay Minerals. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
     Kalt, A. (1968) Une silice hydratée cristallisée: Préparation, structure, propriétés chimiques. Ph.D. thesis, Univ. Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France, 197 pp.

Arrange multiple references with the same first author chronologically. Personal communications or other unpublished observations may be cited in the text, such as: (J. Jones, pers. comm., 1996) or (J. Jones, unpublished data, 1996). These citations should not be included in the reference list, but the address of the person (e.g. J. Jones) referred to in the communication may be given in the Acknowledgments at the discretion of the author.

REVIEW
Manuscripts submitted to the JOURNAL are normally reviewed by two or more referees, an Associate Editor and the Managing Editor.

ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPTS
The final version of all manuscripts must be accompanied by files in appropriate formats. MS Word^¨ is the preferred format for the text and tables. Native CorelDraw (CDR), Adobe Illustrator (AI), bitmap (TIF) and Encapsulated PostScript (EPS) formats are acceptable for illustrations.

COPYRIGHT
As a result of the U.S. copyright law effective January 1, 1978, it is essential as a condition of publication that the authors or their employers grant in writing to THE CLAY MINERALS SOCIETY the copyright to the manuscript, unless the work has been done for the U.S. Government. Copyright forms will be mailed at the time of manuscript acceptance, or are available from the Editorial Office upon request. All authors must sign the copyright form, unless their employer will hold the copyright. Authors (or employers, as applicable) will retain all proprietary rights other than copyright, such as patent rights and the right to use all or part of the manuscript in future non-journal works of their own, such as lectures, reviews, textbooks, or reprint books.

PROOFS
Page proofs will be sent to the author specified on the title page. Authors will be billed at cost for all page proof alterations, other than printers’ errors. Proofs must be returned within 48 hours of receipt.

REPRINTS
Twenty-five tear-out sheets will be supplied free of charge by the Society to the author specified on the title page only if one of the authors is a member of the Society. A reprint (offprint) order form will be sent with the page proofs. Orders for reprints must be received prior to printing of the JOURNAL.